VỚI DANH TỪ
Nhiều danh từ số ít trở thành số
nhiều bằng cách thêm chữ "S" hoặc "ES" ở cuối.
|
SỐ
ÍT |
SỐ
NHIỀU |
A cat |
Two cats |
A hat |
Two hats |
Khi danh từ tận cùng bằng ch, s,
sh, x, hoặc z, đặt "ES" ở cuối.
|
CH
There is a church in this town. |
There are two churches in this town. |
S
I gave her a kiss. |
I gave her many kisses. |
SH
He brought one dish full of food. |
He brought two dishes full of food. |
X
They received a fax yesterday. |
They received four faxes yesterday. |
Z
We heard a buzz outside. |
We heard a number of buzzes outside. |
LUẬT "Y"
Khi 1 danh từ tận cùng bằng 1
nguyên âm (A, E, I, O, U) và chữ "Y", thêm chữ "S" để
thành số nhiều.
|
SỐ ÍT
|
SỐ NHIỀU
|
The child has only one toy.
We saw a boy walking down the street.
My boss gave me one day to finish this job.
They rescued a monkey in the zoo. |
The child has several toys.
We saw some boys walking down the street.
My boss gave me two days to finish this job.
They rescued a few monkeys in the zoo. |
Khi 1 danh từ tận cùng bằng 1 phụ
âm và chữ "Y", thay chữ "Y" bằng chữ "I" và thêm "ES".
|
Her family is really poor.
The lady is so beautiful.
Her duty is to lock the bank vault.
A new baby was born yesterday.
Give me a tray, please.
The study showed that what he said was wrong. |
Some families in the U.S are rich.
The ladies are so beautiful.
She has many duties.
Ten babies were born yesterday.
Give me two trays, please.
Many studies have been made recently. |
LUẬT "F" - "FE"
Nếu danh từ tận cùng bằng chữ
"F" hoặc "FE", thay chữ "F" hoặc "FE" bằng chữ "V" và
thêm "ES".
|
SỐ ÍT
|
SỐ NHIỀU
|
She is drawing a calf.
A leaf is falling down from a tree.
She bought a loaf of bread.
I bought her a scarf.
Don't play with a knife.
You have one life to live.
His wife is nice. |
She is drawing a calves.
Leaves are falling down from a tree.
She bought several loaves of bread.
I bought her two scarves (hoặc scarfs).
Don't play with knives.
They risked their lives to rescue you.
Their wives are selfish. |
NGOẠI LỆ: Vài
danh từ tận cùng bằng chữ "F" có chữ "S" ở cuối.
Belief --- Beliefs Chief --- Chiefs
Cliff --- Cliffs
Proof --- Proofs Roof
--- Roofs Safe
--- Safes
|
LUẬT "OES" - "OS"
Ðôi khi danh từ tận cùng bằng chữ "O" có "ES" hoặc
"S" hoặc cả hai "ES" và "OS" ở cuối.
|
OES
Echo --- Echoes Hero
--- Heroes Potato
--- Potatoes Tomato
--- Tomatoes
|
OS
Auto --- Autos
Concerto --- Concertos
Kilo --- Kilos
Memo --- Memos
Photo --- Photos
Piano --- Pianos
Radio --- Radios Solo ---
Solos
Soprano --- Sopranos Studio
--- Studios
Tattoo --- Tattoos
Video --- Videos
Zoo --- Zoos
|
Cả hai "OES" và "OS"
Mosquito --- Mosquitoes/Mosquitos
Tornado --- Tornadoes/Tornados
Volcano --- Volcanoes/Volcanos
Zero --- Zeroes/Zeros
|
THỂ SỐ NHIỀU
CỦA DANH TỪ BẤT QUY TẮC
Một vài danh từ có thể số nhiều bất quy tắt.
Child --- Children Foot --- Feet
Goose --- Geese Louse --- Lice
Man --- Men
Mouse --- Mice Ox ---
Oxen Tooth --- Teeth
Woman --- Women
|
THỂ SỐ ÍT VÀ SỐ
NHIỀU GIỐNG NHAU
Vài danh từ giống nhau ở cả thể số ít lẫn số nhiều.
Deer --- Deer
Fish --- Fish Means
--- Means Series ---
Series Sheep ---
Sheep
Species --- Species
|
THỂ SỐ NHIỀU
ÐƯỢC MƯỢN TỪ NHỮNG NGÔN NGỮ KHÁC
Một vài thể số nhiều của danh từ được mượn từ những ngôn
ngữ khác.
Criterion --- Criteria
Appendix --- Appendices/Appendixes
Phenomenon --- Phenomena
Index --- Indexes/Indices
Cactus --- Cacti/Cactuses
Formula --- Formulas/Formulae
Stimulus --- Stimuli
Vertebra --- Vertebrae
Alumnus --- Alumni
Syllabus --- Syllabi/Syllabuses
Analysis --- Analyses
Bacterium --- Bacteria
Basis --- Bases
Curriculum --- Curricula
Crisis --- Crises
Datum --- Data
Hypothesis --- Hypotheses
Medium --- Media
Parenthesis --- Parentheses
Memorandum ---Memoranda
Oasis --- Oases
Agendum --- Agenda
Thesis --- Theses
|
VỚI ÐỘNG TỪ
Trong thì hiện tại đơn, rất nhiều
động từ có chữ "S" hoặc "ES" ở cuối khi chủ từ trong câu
là ngôi ba số ít.
|
Khi động từ tận cùng bằng ch, s, sh, x, hoặc z, đặt "ES" ở
cuối.
|
CH |
Watch --- Watches
He watches TV every night. |
S |
Kiss --- Kisses
She kisses her daughter before she goes to work in the
morning. |
SH |
Brush --- Brushes
The boy brushes his teeth each morning. |
X |
Fax --- Faxes
She faxes at least two receipts to the insurance company
every day. |
Z |
Buzz --- Buzzes
His left ear buzzes each time the plane takes off. |